Production Blog "It's all about Henry"

For the final live TV production I was the camera operator again as I was for the “What happens next? Life after college” production, again being on camera two. For this role I had to make sure the camera stayed in a certain place as I didn't need to move the camera at all throughout the production. I also had to listen to instructions/demands from the director in the gallery and instructions from the floor manager. From being a camera operator for the second time I learnt that being focused and aware is an important aspect of being a camera operator as you're constantly listening to what the floor manager and directors has to say whether its instructions or just a compliment.

I feel this production went really well, considering the timing and organisation aspects but appart from that everything else ran smoothly and the production went very well overall. I feel that the directions from the director and floor manager through the headsets were really clear and the communication really helps when it comes to being percise with instructions. The only improvements I would say need to be taken into consideration is the timing of their production, other than that it went well.

Production Blog: "Life after college"

The role I participated in, in the production “What happens next? Life after college” was being the camera operator for camera 3. I feel that this role was a really good role for me for this type of production as I didn’t have to move the camera at all, only if there was too much headroom etc. The one thing I did enjoy was being behind the camera as I have experience in this from other productions, but it was nice to be in the studio instead of the gallery as for other productions, I would really like to participate in different job roles that I don’t feel comfortable in as this will help me to learn and experience other equipment in both the studio and gallery.  However in this production I feel that the director communicated very well with the floor manager, camera operators and the host in the studio, giving both information and orders.

One thing I did pick up on that could have been improved was the sound as some of the panellists spoke really quite compared to others. During this production I learnt that being a camera operator you have to always be on top form and that when you’re preparing for a live production/ assessment that practice makes perfect as it’s best to fit in as many rehearsals as best as possible because this helps efficiently when it comes to the live thing.

Production Blog: "I haven't got news for you"

For this production, I was the sound assistant, within this role I was managing the sound throughout the rehersals and the recording of the production. Throughout the production I learnt that as a whole group we need to be more organised than we was, and also when setting the production up, by doing this it would help everyone to know what they needed to be doing. As we lacked on organisation skills a little bit because our timing wasn't that percise at times. I feel I could of achieved a higher role because having been on the sound vision mixer, I wouldn't of minded being on the camera, being more hands on with the production.

Production Overview

Production- 2012-10-22

During live TV, multi-camera production I participated in 3 roles. These roles were chosen by the other group’s team leader. For one group I was a sound vision mixer. As the sound vision mixer I took on the role of taking mic checks, by doing mic checks this allowed me and the production manager to find the correct sound levels for the show. So I Put the Mic 1 and Studio mic 1 and studio microphone 2 control up to 0 one at a time and got each of the guests to speak so I could correct the sound levels. This helped the sound for the show be at the correct levels so it wasn't peaking too much! Then throughout the rehearsals I had to keep changing which microphone was being recorded accordingly to who was speaking at that time also making sure they wasn't peaking but if the presenters were a little quite I had to just adjust the microphone control making them higher for the exact sound level. As it was my first time being a sound vision mixer it all seemed quite confusing at the start when going through the rehearsal’s but after the rehearsal when the group was doing the actual live show, I found it more easier to use the controls as the rehearsals gave me some experience and chance to work out what to do at what stage of the production. I don’t think anything could have gone awful and I am also glad I took on this role because it helped me to learn how to use a piece of equipment that I had never used before. In improvement wise for the next production I'm in, in the future I could be more alert as I will know what I will exactly be doing; now I know how to use it.

For another group, the second role I participated in was being a gallery Assistant. The role of a gallery assistant is to have a stop watch and time from the start of the show. As it was a 10 minute live recording, in this instance I had to time from when the Welcome VT started right through to 10 minutes telling the gallery manager when there was 5 minutes...4..3..2..90 seconds..1 minute...30 seconds.10...5 I done this in order for the gallery manager to be able to tell the studio manager when there was 1 minute (signalling 1 with their hand) then when there was 30 seconds left (signalling a cross with their arms) and then when it got to 5 seconds left the studio manager would signal with their arms by crossing them and keep turning them over this informed the host that they needed to wrap the show up. I don’t think anything could of gone bad as it’s just pressing a button on the stop watch, being alert and more importantly, telling the gallery manager when there is 5 minutes..4 minutes etc.. left of the show. This role can get quite boring but it is an important job to help the shows production run smoothly. Like I said before I don’t think anything could have gone bad and for improvement aspects for the next production I'm in, in the future I don’t feel anything could be improved as I said it’s a straight forward job role!

Lastly the final job role I was allocated and took on was the role of being a camera operator, on camera 2. As the camera operator on camera 2 I had the job of focusing on the guests when they were speaking so I had to keep moving back a forth from guest 1 and 2 when told to by the gallery manager (Alex) and also listening to any instructions given from him like framing up or moving the camera to a certain point. The role of a camera operator isn't hard once you get the hang of it. I did enjoy being the camera operator as it gave me a chance to feel more involved in the production on set than being in the gallery all the time, and it wasn't difficult moving the camera from one person to another because the guests were mainly the same height so I didn't have to change the scale/frame of the shot at anytime during the live production. All I had to make sure of was that I was alert for when the gallery manager gave me important instructions. Also  I don’t think anything could have gone awful because like I said before it was a straight forward role and I am glad that I was given and took on the role because it allowed me to gain more experience operating the cameras.  The improvement aspects for future productions I feel I could be more alert as I did miss an instruction that was given by the gallery manager, not moving the camera in time, so the person recording and cutting through the shots couldn't focus on camera 2 that I was on until I moved it to the right shot needed. Apart from that I don’t feel anything else needs to be improved now I’ve gain more experience using the cameras.

Live TV Research

Introduction.
For my research folder I looked into various types of televisions genres and shows. The two I am going to mainly focus on and look into are Studio production. Studio production is television productions which are filmed in chosen studios. The other type of production I am going to look into is Live productions which are shows that are filmed live at certain places/ time. I then chose four television shows that interested me and were of course multi-camera productions which fell into those two categories. I then had to analyse the multi camera productions making notes to put into a blog eventually. When analysing the multi-camera productions I had to keep referring back to the question I was given by my lecturer (What is the reasons for multi-camera use?) So here are my chosen Live TV multi- camera shows with examples.

Studio Production: X-Factor http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ziv1L2SvYuU 

The first multi-camera studio production I decided to look at was the X-factor, as I feel this is a prime example of a studio production using multi-cameras, as there are several areas to travel around the X-factor studio. However I couldn’t write a whole Analysis on all of the shows as there have been so many shows it would take too long; so I decided to write it on the live shows; choosing one in particular that I had watched and decided to focus on was the live show on the 7^th October where Ella Henderson sung. During X-factor they use a great number of multiple cameras because there are various places to go around the X-factor studio(s) which for the live shows is at the foundation studios. They have to use multi cameras to cover all of the action going on. I think that the target audience for this type of show is young children to adults as this show is for many generations to enjoy.

Coverage of action.
The x-factor studios have a range of cameras. From the clip I watched there were several camera angels being used. There was one camera that seemed to pan around Ella whilst she was singing, standing facing the judges. There seem to also be a camera static in front of her showing a wide shot as she was walking towards the judges looking at the camera/ audience singing. There was also a shot called a crane shot. This is where there is a camera on a crane fitting that can pan in close across the audience, this helps the camera operators use far shots when showing something like Ella on stage and the judges and audience in the background. It is also helpful when introducing the show right at the very start of the programme. 

Communication meaning to the viewers.
When it comes to communicating the meaning to the viewer X-Factor is a great example of this. As this show is a studio production, the camera operators show the reactions from the host(s), actors and the audience to show their emotions and also all the excitement and action going on across the studio. In this instance the camera operators would mainly focus on the judges reactions as the judges are the people who decide on what happens to the acts and gives them feedback. The X-Factor wouldn’t be as great with communicating the meaning to the viewers as the news; however X-Factor still do communicate the meaning to the viewers by showing the reactions of the host and more importantly the judges. The whole point of X-Factor is to have people participate in a competition to win a record label and be able to make songs like contestants have done in the past.

Visual Style.
From what shows I’ve seen from the X-Factor this year is really great, it makes you feel involved and more engaged in the show when you can vote for who you want to stay, win etc. The show is always very colourful. So the visual style is really interesting the way everything is situated together and also the colour scheme is a re-occurring theme as it is always red, blue and white. However they also use stage lights which are normally different colours for different acts/ performances the same as the backdrops. The screenshots below show the different colour lighting demonstrating the visual style.

Maintaining the viewer’s interest.
So as we have already talked about communicating the meaning to the viewers, we also have to consider how X-Factor maintains its viewer’s interest. Sometimes shows like this can get reasonably “heated” as it is varied in its content and visually varied, unlike the Olympics and Reading festival are. However not many studio shows are visually varied, as they’re only filmed in one studio (Usually the normal aspect) This can make it more difficult to motivate the viewers enough to carry on watching but with something like the X-factor it’s more bubbly and really engages in the audience especially as the contestants are singing and getting feedback.

So how would the camera operators or producers do this with multi-cameras? In my opinion the first thing that is the most common aspect to look for in a studio or live production is the varied camera shots and angles. It’s a multi camera production so as I mentioned at the start there would be lots of cameras scattered around the studio. I did talk about some types of camera shots and angles above but this helped for the viewer’s interest. However for maintaining the viewer’s interest for example I found that the camera is seen panning around Ella as she’s singing showing the judges and audience in front of her.  Any little movements or changes to the angles can defer the audience from being bored of the same scenery like when the camera shows the contestants going off stage to talk to their family supporting them or the other contestants. I feel that this helps the audience to become more engaged in the show too as it’s a whole different scenery that they’re seeing so it won’t bore them. Also I feel the contestants engage more in the show when the contestants go to the judge’s houses. Which in my opinion I would say that the audience may possibly find it intriguing. Also considering the editing of the show and VT’s, the way the shows edited makes it more interesting too. The whole thing I like about X-factor is the “heated” points as it makes you feel more engaged with the show, making you feel like you’re involved.

Constraints of studio Location or environment Location.
I assume the number one constraint to think about is the confined space within a studio. I did mention this briefly mentioned at the start of this Analysis. As it’s a studio production the studio will be among several other studios in the building, making the space considerably confined. I assume this would also depend on the shows content and how they use the studio. As for something like the x-factor they need a rather big amount of space so they would have to plan their layout of the studio to make everything fit as they need their studio for the audience, judges, space on the stage and behind the stage for dressing rooms, so the studio is essentially made for that.

 Studio production: Million pound drop live. 

So the second multi-camera studio production I decided to look at was the million pound drop live, as I feel this is another prime example of a studio production using multi-cameras, as there are several areas to travel around the million pound drop studio. However I decided to write an analysis on one show in particular that I watched and decided to focus on which was the show where they had celebrities on playing the million pound drop. They have used a lot of multiple cameras because there are various places to go around the million pound drop studio like I said before. So the multiple camera use is there to cover all the action going on. The target audience for this show I’d say would be adults and young adults. 

Coverage of action.
The million pound drop studio has a range of cameras. From the clip I watched there were several camera angels being used. There was one camera that seemed to pan around the contestants playing the game and facing the host Dvina McCall. There seem to also be a camera static in front of them showing a wide shot as she was walking towards the answer panels looking at the camera looking very nervous. There were also a lot of mid shots used as they were waiting for the answer to be revealed. There was also a shot called a crane shot which I mentioned in my first studio analysis (X-Factor). This is where there is camera on a crane fitting that can pan in close across the audience, this helps the camera operators use far shots when showing something like the contestants on the stage with the host Dvina McCall and sometimes showing the audience in the background. This shot is also helpful when introducing the show right at the very start of the programme.

Communication meaning to the viewers
So when it comes to communicating the meaning to the viewer the Million pound drop studio production is another great example of this. As this show is a studio production, the camera operators show the reactions from the host(s), actors and the audience to show their emotions and also all the excitement and action going on across the studio. In this instance the camera operators would mainly focus on the contestants reactions as the host is the person that gives them feedback from there correct or incorrect answers. The Million pound drop wouldn’t be as great with communicating the meaning to the viewers as the news again; on the other hand the Million pound drop still do communicate the meaning to the viewers by showing the reactions from the host and more importantly the contestants. The whole point of the Million pound drop is to have contestants play a game where they have to pick categories and answer several questions within time limits to try win as much money as they can starting at 10,000 and if they lose some of the 10,000 then it goes down a shoot where security guards are waiting to collect the money to take it back up to the stage for another game to start when the first ones over.

Visual Style.
The whole of the million pound drop episodes from the start till the end is really great; it makes you feel involved when you can see what’s going on and what the contestants are doing. The show is always very colourful. So the visual style is really interesting the way everything is put together and also the colour scheme is a re-occurring theme as it is always red, blue and white like the X-factor is they also use different lighting which are normally changes colours but that’s not usually the norm. The screenshots below show the different colour lighting demonstrating the visual style.

Maintaining the viewer’s interest.
So as I have already talked about communicating the meaning to the viewers. I also have to consider how the Million pound drop maintains its viewer’s interest. As I said for X-Factor Sometimes shows like this can get reasonably “heated” as it is varied in its content and visually varied, unlike my other analysis (the Olympics and Reading festival) are. However not many studio shows are visually varied, as they’re only filmed in one studio. This is usually the normal phase in a studio production. As there aren’t many studio productions that are visually varied.  This can make it more difficult to motivate the viewers enough to carry on watching but with something like the Million pound drop where the host is bubbly really helps to engage the audience especially as the contestants are answering the questions and hoping to get the correct answers, this can make the audience feel emotion for them as there is anticipation waiting for the correct answer to not drop.

So how would the camera operators or producers do this with multi-cameras? As I’ve said in all my other analysis’s the first thing that is the most common aspect to look for in a studio or live production is the varied camera shots and angles. It’s a multi camera production so as I mentioned at the start there would be lots of cameras dotted around the studio. I did talk about some types of camera shots and angles above although this helped for the viewer’s interest. So for maintaining the viewer’s interest I found that the camera is seen panning around the contestants showing the host and audience in front of them. Any little movements or changes to the angles can maintain the audience from board of the same scenery like when the camera shows the contestants emotions but they repeat it in  VTP’s. I feel that the way they have structured this helps the audience to become more engaged in the show too as it’s repeating something but it’s not classed as “boring” because it’s a joyful moment. Also I feel the contestants engage more in the show when the contestants are asked what they’re going to spend their money on if they win because this makes the viewers/audience feel more emotion, hope and joy for the contestants. Also again considering the editing of the show and VTP’s, the way the shows edited makes it more interesting, the way they structure the VTP’s.

Constraints of studio Location or environment Location.
As I said for the last studio production...I assume the number one constraint to think about is the confined space within a studio. As it’s a studio production the studio will be among several other studios in the building (this may not be necessary for every studio), making the space considerably confined. The space of the studio would also depend on the shows content and how they arrange everything in the studio. As for something like the Million pound drop they wouldn’t need a large amount of space; so like for the X-Factor they would still have to plan their layout of the studio to make everything fit as they need their studio for the audience and contestants etc.

Multi-camera simultaneous recording. For both Studio Productions:
For studio productions it is hard to judge whether the multi-camera simultaneous recording is used in this show in particular or not, because when it comes to studio productions, the show is just normally recorded and then stop the recording rolling when the show is finished. Shortly after this the recorded footage is then took straight to the edit. Some studio shows desperately need cutting and some depending on what show it is, such as if it’s new, filmed a couple of months before airing etc.

Live Productions: London Olympics 2012 http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/p00w2r5c/Olympic_Ceremonies_London_2012_Online_Opening_Ceremony_no_comm/
The first multi-camera studio production I chose to look at was the Olympics but obviously I couldn’t write an Analysis on the whole of the Olympics because there was so much going on over the one month and there was so much action I wouldn’t be able to get everything written down so I chose to write an Analysis on the very first opening ceremony to the Olympics. (Seen from the link above.)  During the Olympics opening ceremony they also used a lot multiple cameras because there was various things going on at once, so a lot of cameras were needed in order for it to record and cover all the action that was going on. Like at 4.00 where the orchestra is playing and particularly all the way though the opening ceremony there is multiple cameras used to capture all the coverage of action going on. I would say that the target audience for the Olympics would be teenagers and adults as it would inspire them to do something like the people did taking part in the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony.

Communication meaning to the viewers
the communication meaning to the viewers is the camera operators showing the judges or host reactions to things. In this instance it’s the camera operators showing the reactions from the host(s), actors and audience of all the excitement and action going on in the opening ceremony. Of course the Olympics opening ceremony wouldn’t be as great with communicating the meaning to the viewers as something like the news would be but the Olympics opening ceremony still do communicate the meaning to the viewers by showing the reactions of the actors, host(s) and the audience. The whole point of the Olympics is to show how inspiring and how well all the people participating in the Olympics and the opening ceremony have done and what they have already achieved.

At the start of the Olympics opening ceremony we don’t see much of the host but there is one point around the start of the opening ceremony where we see Bradley Wiggins introducing the Olympics (from7.00) as you can see in the screenshot above. He is looking straight into the camera and towards the audience which was been positioned in front of him. We don’t see much of the host because the camera is more focused on the actors and not showing the host until someone is introduced. However this is still communicating the meaning to the viewers as they would be more interested on the incredible action that’s going on rather than watching someone talking into a microphone. This leads into talking about the way the camera is used and the positioning of the camera throughout the opening ceremony, a front mid shot of Bradley Wiggins is shown as he is talking a looking into the camera and audience, but as he is introduced by the host we see a high-angled shot of the arena and then the camera slowly pan’s down to show him walking onto the stage. Shortly after he is on the stage we see a front close up showing his reactions and emotions and after that we then see a mid shot of him talking to the viewers/audience. This tells us as an audience that he’s talking directly to us, and it is made sure that we can clearly see that Bradley is talking to us, because of the way the camera is positioned and at a mid shot. A mid shot isn’t a fully open shot; it’s a shot showing the space around Bradley Wiggins talking with no-one else in it. The camera is also positioned to show Bradley in the middle of the shot so we focus on just him and nothing else until the camera angle changes. 

Visual Style.
The whole of the Olympics from the 1^st opening ceremony to the last closing ceremony was absolutely amazing and so colourful, so the visual style was really interesting the way everything was situated together like the fireworks in the opening and closing ceremonies.  (See screenshots below) The screen shots below show the fireworks that were set off at the Olympics demonstrating the visual style.

The visual styles used throughout the Olympics opening ceremony.  Unlike studio productions the visual style doesn’t all completely fit in. Like most live productions we aren’t restraint from what we can see going on. Keeping in mind the live purpose built arenas are not normally shared with more than one event or anyone else as they are made to the size of the event. So generally speaking the arena wouldn’t be shared. There are several reasons for using multi cameras but the great thing about them is that the camera operators can capture every angle of the arena. That mostly covers the answers to the questions I was provided to answer about this section. Also to mention the visual conventions of the arena, the Olympics trademark is shown a lot like during the VT’s shown. The logo really gives this away and it is also shown during the opening ceremony with the different colour circles making the bright and bold logo stand out very much. The arena was also partly colour coded to the logo using the colours for various things in the arena. Which of course the colours follow in style to the logo’s going right back to 1986, so all the styles of the several generations of the Olympics, the trade mark etc all have a sense of connection making it feel very unique. 

Maintaining the Viewers Interest.
When it comes to maintaining the viewer’s interest, as well as considering the viewers we have to consider their interest. This is the hardest thing that the whole producers, directors, camera operators etc have to take into account as they have to keep the audience interest and keep focus on making sure the show runs smoothly and as accurately to their schedule as possible. Something like this the Olympics will entertain the audience and they will maintain interest as they’re watching and being informed/ educated of all the information that’s being said and of course by the amazing performances by the actors. So the viewers interest is wide-ranging in its substance both interesting and visually. With something like the Olympics which is a live production isn’t so difficult in several aspects to keep maintaining the viewer’s interest but it can be especially if it’s aired late at night with viewers being tired. However viewers would maintain interest longer than watching a studio production as it’s not filmed in one studio/place. I would say that the target audience for the Olympics would be teenagers and adults as it would inspire them to do something like the people did taking part in the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony.

So how would the camera operators or producers do this with multi-cameras? When being a viewer to a multi camera production the most common first thing to acknowledge is the various camera shots being used. This example of the Olympics opening ceremony is multi-camera production, so like I mentioned right at the start of this analysis about the cameras being scattered around the purpose built arena. I know I’ve already talked about a few shot types but that was for maintaining the viewer’s interest. There are various shot types used on live shows like this where there is one camera focusing on certain aspects, which will stand for the several other cameras that are used too. Such as the camera(s) focusing on the actors they would have to keep moving following the actors to cover the whole of the action. Like at (13.00 and so on) the little movements and shot types or changes to the camera angle like that can maintain the viewer’s attention because there isn’t the same scenery’s being shown or repeated so this defers the audience/viewers from being bored. There was also little VT clips played so this also helps defer the audience/ viewers from being bored as it is a sort of added entertainment to the show. I feel showing VT’s or going to somewhere different really help the audience to engage more on what’s going on, because it’s a different scene. This also relates to other programmes such as the news where they film outside the studio (like near accidents etc). The interest also lies with how the filming (VT’s) is edited. The thing I really loved about the Olympics was how the hosts etc managed to cope with all the action going and not confirm any mistakes as it can be quite frustrating when things don’t go to plan. The thing that kept me watching with the Olympics was the way everything was so inspiring and amazing with all the different acts with both celebrities and non-celebrities.

Constraints of studio Location or environment Location.
As I said for the two studio productions I analysed. I assume the number one constraint to think about in both studio and live productions is the confined space; however this is different for a live production because the arena etc has been purposely built or fitted for the shows needs. As it’s a live production the arena will not be used at the same time by any other productions at the same time so this makes the show even easier to plan what’s going where.  However space could be limited but the productions will always figure out a way to arrange everything to fit perfectly. Like I said in my X-Factor analysis; for something like the Million pound drop they wouldn’t need a large amount of space as it’s a small production.

Live Productions: Reading Festival

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWG-dDYvybY

So now I’m looking into my second chosen multi camera live production. Which I chose to look Reading Festival 2012 but as I couldn’t write about it all because there was so much I chose to look at Florence and the machine playing at reading festival. Reading Festival is similar to the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony that I just talked about because it still has music and events going on. The clip I selected was from YouTube. (Link Above) Reading is a very popular festival but it’s slightly different with some similarities to the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony because it’s on every year unlike the Olympics which is shown every 4 years in different countries. During reading festival they used a lot of multiple cameras because there were various events going on at once so the cameras were needed in order for it to record and cover all the action that was going on.

Communicating the meaning to the viewer.
The communication meaning to the viewer in this instance like I said for The Olympics 2012 Openeing ceremony it’s the camera operators showing the reactions from the host(s), actors and audience of all the excitement, action and events going on at the Reading Festival, but for the Florance and the Machine part, the camera operators would show the reactions from the host(s) and the audience. Like I said for the Olympics 2012 opening ceremony analysis I wrote, they wouldn’t be as great with communicating the meaning to the viewers as something like the news would be, but Reading Festival 2012 still do commincate the meaning to the viewers by showing the reactions of the host(s), actors and the audience. The whole point of Reading festival is for celebrities to go and sing to a vast amount of people wanting to see some of the world biggest artists and hear what they have achieved such as Foo Fighters, The vacciens, Kasabian, The black keys, all time low and more! ( As seen in the example below but there are more stages.)

At the start of Florence and the Machine at Reading festival, we don’t see the host at all because Florence and the Machine are already on stage from 0.00 to 8.25 but there is one part where she is introduced right at the start as she’s walking out onto the stage but we can’t see the host as the camera is more focused on the singer (Florence and the Machine.) (0.06-0.11) as you can see from the screenshot below. She is looking straight at the audience and camera which is positioned straight in front of her. However like I said for the Olympics 2012 Opening ceremony, this is still communicating the meaning to the viewers as they would be more interested on the performances going on rather than watching something in the audience or watching a non-celebrity stand there talking through a microphone. This leads into talking about the camera movement and the positioning of the positioning of the camera. Throughout the scene where Florence and the Machine are singing a wide angle shot is used at the start and then the camera pans and zooms into Florence and the Machine singing on stage. The most common shot used in Florence and the Machines performance is the mid-shot. Shortly after Florence and the Machine is on stage the camera shows a close-up of her singing showing her emotion. (0.45-0.48) then at 8.06 she ends the song and the camera goes from a wide shot to a mid shot of her saying thank you to the audience as we see panning shots of the audiences reactions, from (8.06-8.25) Florence and the Machine stands on stage thanking the audience she has just sung to for their support. This tells us that Florence and the Machine is talking directly to us, as it is made sure that we can clearly see that she’s talking to us because of the way the camera is positioned to show a mid shot of her in the middle. The mid shot shows no-one else but her and the space around her.

Visual Style.

The Florence and the machine act at the Reading festival was one of the many acts to play but I chose to focus and write about this one because I particularly like Florence and the Machine to many other acts that played. The visual style was still so colourful like the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony with the lights, music and atmosphere so the visual style was really interesting the way each act had different coloured lights or backdrops and generally the way everything was situated together like the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony. I also like the way they use different cameras for different shots as one would be used for so many and the others would be used for certain angles and shot types too. The screen shots below show some of the Florence and the Machine act. With examples to what I wrote above in this paragraph.  The visual styles used throughout the Florence and the Machine act at the Reading Festival. It doesn’t all fit in like a studio production would. As I mentioned in my last analysis most live productions aren’t restraint from what we can see happening. However this is keeping in mind the live purpose built arenas as they are not normally shared with another event or anyone else as they are made to the size of the event. So generally speaking the arena wouldn’t be shared with anyone else.  In all live TV programmes there are various reasons for using multi-cameras. The great thing about using them is that they can capture every angle of the arena and the action going on.

Maintaining the Viewers Interest and Target Audience.
So maintaining the viewers interest I feel that Reading Festival showing Florence and the Machine not only connects to the communicating the meaning to viewer but it also is the same as the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony because they have to keep the audience’s interest up and keep focus on making sure that the show runs as accurately to plan and they scheduled it to. The shows content is “busy” by what I found from watching the snippet of YouTube however, what I mean by busy is that there are a lot of events/acts playing on different stages, so at this point maintaining the viewers interest and Communicating the meaning to the viewer links because they’re both set in purpose built arenas, they’re both trying to show how inspiring and how well all the singers participating in the Reading festival and the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony have done and what they have achieved in their journeys so far. The viewer’s interest is also comprehensive like I said for the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony not only in it’s visually substance but it’s interesting substance too. With Something like a live multi-camera production like the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony and Reading Festival is not so difficult in numerous aspects to keep maintaining the viewers interest but especially like the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony it can be difficult to maintain the viewers interest if the show’s aired late at night with viewers being tired etc. However like I also said for the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony example I wrote about maintains the viewer’s interest for longer because they’re live shows and they don’t just stay in one studio like a studio production would do, so the scenery always changes so it doesn’t bore its audience. For something like Reading Festival I’d say that the target audience would be teenagers and young adults as they’re mainly the age type to go to festivals.

So how would the camera operators or producers do this with multiple cameras? I’d say that the easiest thing to look for is the varied camera shots that are used. This example of Florence and the Machine playing at Reading Festival is a multi-camera production, like I mentioned right and the start of this example of a multi-camera production and in my last example explanation about the cameras being spread around the purpose built arena. I know I’ve mentioned a few shot types above but they were for maintaining the viewer’s interest. There are various shot types used on live shows so it’s not just this example in particular. The various shot types used in Florence and the Machines act, so there is one camera to focus on particular aspects, this also stands for the several other cameras being used too, like I mentioned for the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony; such as the camera focusing on Florence and the Machine singing with the band and then showing the audiences reaction throughout. These cameras wouldn't have to keep moving as much like they would have had to for the London 2012 Olympics Opening Ceremony as there are only the acts playing at certain times to focus on and the audience so it’s not a hectic as the Olympics opening ceremony was. The cameras would still have to be moving for the various shot types though to cover all the action, little movements and the changes to shot types or angles. This can help to engage the viewer’s interest, if the camera angle or movement changes because it’s not the same scenery so they won’t be expecting it to continue in the same frame pattern which helps to suspend the audience and viewers from being bored.

Constraints of studio Location or environment Location.
As I said for the last 3 live and studio productions I analysed. I assume the number one limitations to think about in both studio and live productions is the confined space; however this is different for a live production as I previously mentioned because the arena is purposely built or fitted for the shows needs. As it’s a live production the arena will not be used at the same time by any other productions at the same time, because for something like the reading festival its planned before the stage etc’s put up...so this makes the show even easier to plan what’s going where.  However as for every live production space could be limited but the productions will always figure out a way to arrange everything to fit.

Multi-camera simultaneous recording. For both Live Productions:
For live productions and studio productions it is hard to judge whether the multi-camera simultaneous recording is used in this show in particular or not, because when it comes to live productions, the show is just normally recorded and then stop the recording rolling when the show is finished, but because it’s on air the footage isn’t edited, however before the show they can pre-record VT’s to play on the show which will also help with the show being live.